Apparatus for fractional distillation.



- v J. T. DAVIS. APPARATUS FOR FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION. APP'LICATIONFILED SEPT. I2, 1916. 1,21 8,849. Patented Mar. 13,1917.

'u rrED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN T. DAVIS, OF ALAMEDA, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR OF FI FTY -ONE O1\TE-.

HUNDREDTHS TO LOUIS LEVY AlN'D FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

JOSEPH IROTHSCHILD, BOTH or SAN APPARATUS FOR rRA'o'rIouALDIs'rILnA'rIoN.

Specification of Letters Patent. P t t Man 13, 1917,

Application filed September 12, 1916. Serial No. 119,647.

T all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, JOHN T. 'DAvis, a citi zen of the United States,residing at Alameda, in the county of Alameda and State of California,have invented new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for FractionalDistillation, of-which the following is .a specification.

The object of the present invention is to provide a simple, economicaland eflicient apparatus for fractionally distilling oil.

In the accompanying drawing, the figure' is a vertical section of myimproved fractional distillation apparatus being shown in sideelevation. I

- Referring to the drawing, 1 indicates a fiuid fuel burner containedwithin a distributing chamber 2, supplied with air by a pipe 3, and fromwhich the products ofcombustion of the fuel are discharged through holes4 in a convex upper side of the chamber'2. Said products of combustionaredischarged in an incandescent condition from said chamber intothelowermost heating chamber 5 of the lowermost of a vertical series ofvaporizers 6,'then through a central top 12,- the flue 7 -leading fromthe apex of flue 7 in said vaporizer, and leading therefrom and througha valve 8 therein, into the lowermost heating chamber 5 of the next'higher vaporizer, impinging against an abutment plate 9 therein andbeing caused to be spread in said heating chamber, and so on, in likemanner through each vaporizer 6 in succession, finally passing outthrough a stack 11 leading from the uppermost vaporizer.

Each heating chamber-5 is separated from the remainder of the vaporizer6 by. a conical said cone, saidconical top 12 forming also the bottom ofa steam chamber 13 having a .conical top 14:. Steam is led into each ofsaid conical steam chambers 13 from a main "steam supply pipe 16 andindividual pipes 17, and can be drawn off by individual pipes 18 fromsaid conical chambers. The oil to be distilled is supplied by one ormore pipes '19 into a cylindrical extension 21 of the uppermost chamber-22 of the uppermost vaporizer 6, which extension surrounds the stackfll, and the oil'fiows down in said extension on to the centraLportionof the conical plate 14, whichtforms the bottom of said uppermostchamber, then flowin'g'inv a thin certain parts film over said plate 14to the outer cylindrical edge of said chamber 22, during which time themost volatile portions of the oil are vaporized, th'e .Va'por escapingfrom said chamber 22 by a conduit 23 leading to a condenser 24, and thedistillate discharging from .said condenser by a pipe 26. The oil whichis not thus vaporized flows by a pipe 27 into the cylindrical extension21 of 'the next lower vaporizing chamber 22, flowing down those-"aboveupon th etop of the steam chamber in like manner as before, themorevolatile portions thereof escaping through the conduit 23 into the.condenser 24. The residuumof the oil then (proceeds in like manner. asbefore through the several chambers 22, until the whole of the volatileportion of the oil is vaporized and condensed, the lowermost out.-

let pipe 28 leading to a suitable receptacle for said residuum.

The valves 8 inthe several lines control the passage of the hot gasesfrom oneheating chamber to another, and communicating ,with thevalveicasings are conduits 29- by heated diminishingv graduallyaccording to their elevation.

The degree of slope of the surface down the tendency of the oil to runmore slowly as the vapors are withdrawn therefrom, and as itconsequently thickens.

I claim: 1. The combinationxot a downwardly extending series ofVaporizers, each comprising a vaporizing chamber at thetop, a heat ingchamber at the .bottom, and a steam chamber interposed between theheating chamber and the vaporizing chamber, conduits leading" from thelower portions of the vaporizing chambers to the upperportions of thosebelow them, means for supplying t'stfeam chambers with steam,fluesc'onnectin'g the' upper portions of the heat.- with-the lower portionsof A hem, means. for supplying the lowermost Heating-chamber with "-hotgases g hamb 'which the oil runs is made tovincrease downwardly 1n theseries of surfaces, because of and for drawing ofi hot gases from theuppermost heating chamber, conduits leadportions of the heating chamberswith the lower portionsof those above them, means for supplying thelowermost heating'chamher with hot gases and for drawing 'ofi' hot gasesfrom the uppermost heating chamber, conduits'leading'from the severalvaporizing chambers, and condensers into which said conduits lead.

3. The combination of a downwardly extending series of Vaporizers, eachcomprising a vaporizing chamber at the top, a heating chamber at thebottom, and a steam chamber having a'conical top of slope in-- creasinggradually downward and 1nterposed between the heating chamber and thevaporizing chamber, conduits leading from the lower portions of thevaporizing chambers to the upper portions of those below;

them,means for supplying the steam chambers with steam, flues connectingthe upper portions oi the heating chambers with the lower portions ofthose above them, means for supplyingthe. lowermost heating chamher withhot gases and for drawing ofi'hotgases from the uppermost heatingchamber, conduits leading from the several vaporizing chambers, andcondensers into which said conduits lead. 4

i. The combination of a downwardly extending series of Vaporizers, eachcomprising a vaporizing chamber at the top, a heating chamber at'thebottom, and a steam chamber interposed between the heating chamber andthe vaporizing chamber, conduits leading from the lower portions of thevaporizing chambers to the upper portions of those below them, means forsupplying the steam chambers with steam, flues connectingthe upperportions of the heating chambers with the lower portions of those abovethem, means for supplying the lowermost heating chamber with hot gasesand for drawing of? hot gases from the uppermost heating chamber, battleplates in the heating chambers against which the hot gases dischargeupwardly, conduits leading from the several vaporizing chambers, and

-condensers into which said conduits. lead.

The combination of a downwardly extending series of Vaporizers, eachcomprising a vaporizing chamber at the top, a heating chamber at thebottom, and a steam chamberv interposed between the heating chamberandthe' vaporizing chamber, conduits' leading fromthe lower portions ofthe vaporizing chambers to the upper portions of those below them, meansfor supplying the steam chambers with steam, fiues connecting the upperportions of the heating chambers with the lower portions of those abovethem, valves in the several fiues, escape conduits comnnrnicating withthe valve casings, means for supplying the lowermost heating chamberwith hot gases and for drawing ofi? hot gases from the uppermost heatingchamber, conduits leading from the several vaporizing chambers, andcondensers into whlch said conduits lead.

JOHN T. DAVIS.

